Reaching far back in to the past are the records of service in local government which have made England the envy of foreign countries. Among the artisan class a similar sense of corporate unity and responsibility has been developed during the last fifty years in the trades-unions and co-operative and friendly societies. Such self-governing institutions may help our imagination as they also train our abilities for the exercise of citizenship in the wider sphere. Other influences have helped to heighten and deepen the sense of the solidarity of our state. The inter-dependence of classes and of the claim of the state on its individual members, while historical works,