where vk
i, j and xk
i, j are the velocity and position of the jth
dimension of the i-th particle in the k-th iteration.
Learning rates are represented by 1 and 2; rand1 and
rand2 are two pseudo-random values in the range of [0,
1]; pk
i, j and gk
i, j are the current personal best position and
global best position respectively; is the inertial
weighting which determines how much the particle
inherits from the former velocity.
P