The importance of freight transport as a trade enabler, engine of growth and a driver ofsocial development is widely recognized. However, the associated adverse impacts offreight transport activity on the environment, human health and climate are also causefor concern. Overall, transport consumes over 50 per cent of global liquid fossil fuels and is projected to grow by 1.4 per cent per year from 2008 to 2035 and to account for 82 per cent of the total projected increment in liquid fuel use. It is also estimated that freight in tons per kilometre will triple by 2050 and that energy demand of commercialtransportation – trucks, aeroplanes, ships and trains – will rise by over 70 per cent by2040, driven by economic growth particularly in eveloping countries. At the same time,the transport sector accounts for around 13 per cent of all world greenhouse gases (GHGs), of which 5.5 per cent are related to logistics (with freight transport accounting for 90 per cent of the total share). Nearly 25 per cent of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are transport related and these are expected to increase by 57 per cent worldwide (or 1.7 per cent a year) between 2005 and 2030.