in This chapter has provided an overview of the basic education curriculum or Thailand, defining the curriculum in broad terms to encompass the written intended curriculum (what the education system intends students to learn), the implemented curriculum (as it is interpreted applied by teachers in their classrooms); the achieved curriculum (the extent to which curriculum delivers the outcomes sought), and the processes for reviewing and revising the curriculum. No curriculum Thailand's decision in 2001 to move away from a traditional content based curriculum to a standards-based one was a necessary and laudable In making this change, Thailand moved to a flexible national curriculum with, at least in theory, a high degree of local input and greater flexibility. This transformation was an important achievement that should not be underestimated but significant issues remain, particularly with the implementation of the curriculum and the resulting lack of progress in student performance. In developing policies to address these issues, it is critical that Thailand gathers solid evidence about where problems are occurring in translating curriculum intentions into high-quality learning of the recommendations proposed in this chapter, Thailand should first implement a thorough and consultative curriculum review and revision process. This should involve the development of common student performance standards to improve teaching and learning in the country. This process would serve as a key driver for reform in other areas, including student assessment, teacher and school leader policies and the use of ICT. It would also have broad implications for the future of education in Thailand, providing the country with an opportunity to consider what students should learn as part of a new long-term vision for education to support social and economic development.