Pickled vegetables are those products for which preparation is carried out by an edible acid (which is added or formed in situ by fermentation) and preservation is due, at least partially, to the presence of this acid. This article describes the two main procedures, that is, with or without fermentation, for the preparation of pickled vegetables and provides information about specific vegetables (cucumber, cabbage, green olives, kimchi, capers, and garlic) within each procedure. The nature of preservative action due to salt and lactic and acetic acids is also explained as well as the effect of pickling on sensory quality and nutritional properties.