Efforts to expand the transfer side of the welfare state stumbled on similar grounds. As Quadagno shows, in the 1970s major opposition to the Family Assistance Plan (FAP) came from Southern Democrats where FAP would have revolutionized the local economy. According to estimates of the United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare, beneficiaries under FAP would increase the "welfare rolls",in New York by 30-50 per cent, but in the low-wage South by 250 to 400 per cent. More importantly, as Quadagno points out (1994:184),