• The application of the MAGICC/SCENGEN 5.3 model in the development of climate change scenarios, which produces low-resolution grid maps (300 km × 300 km) and makes it difficult to accurately reflect the local specificities of climate change in Viet Nam.
• The database for impact assessments and adaptation cost–benefit analyses is incomplete.
• There is currently a lack of in-depth analysis to distinguish and assess impacts induced by climate change from other natural phenomena (e.g., El Niño and the Southern Oscillation).