Taoism (or Daoism) is a philosophical, ethical, political and religious tradition of Chinese origin that emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao (also romanized as Dao). The term Tao means "way", "path" or "principle", and can also be found in Chinese philosophies and religions other than Taoism. In Taoism, however, Tao denotes something that is both the source of, and the force behind, everything that exists. The "way" becomes clear when one is in constant mediation with all thoughts being subconsciously regulated outside the state of mental stillness, although emotions will drive thoughts they remain an absolute choice.
While Taoism drew its cosmological notions from the tenets of the School of Yin Yang, the Tao Te Ching, a compact and ambiguous book containing teachings attributed to Laozi (Chinese: 老子; pinyin: Lǎozǐ; Wade–Giles: Lao Tzu), is widely considered its keystone work. Together with the writings of Zhuangzi, these two texts build the philosophical foundation of Taoism deriving from the 8 Hexagrams of Fu Xi in the 2700s BCE in China.
Taoist propriety and ethics may vary depending on the particular school, but in general they tend to emphasize wu-wei (action through non-action), "naturalness", simplicity, spontaneity, and the Three Treasures: compassion, moderation, and humility.
Taoism has had profound influence on Chinese culture in the course of the centuries, and clerics of institutionalised Taoism (Chinese: 道士; pinyin: dàoshi) usually take care to note distinction between their ritual tradition and the customs and practices found in Chinese folk religion as these distinctions sometimes appear blurred. Chinese alchemy (especially neidan), Chinese astrology, Chan (Zen) Buddhism, several martial arts, traditional Chinese medicine, feng shui, and many styles of qigong have been intertwined with Taoism throughout history. Beyond China, Taoism also had influence on surrounding societies in Asia.
After Laozi and Zhuangzi, the literature of Taoism grew steadily and was compiled in form of a canon—the Daozang—which was published at the behest of the emperor. Throughout Chinese history, Taoism was several times nominated as a state religion. After the 17th century, however, it fell from favor.
Today, Taoism is one of five religions officially recognized in China, and although it does not travel readily from its Asian roots, claims adherents in a number of societies.[1] Taoism also has sizable communities in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and in Southeast Asia.
A Chinese philosopher defines Taoism thus: "early forms come from understanding and experience of the Tao. Experience of the Tao is an irreducible element of the formation and transformation of Chinese experience of the ultimate
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道教(或道教)是一個哲學、道德、政治和宗教傳統的中國血統,強調生活在和諧與羅馬拼音的陶(也作為島)。 任期的陶意味著“方式”、“路徑”或“原則”,也可以發現在中國哲學和宗教信仰道教除外。 在道教,不過,陶意味著什麼東西,是這兩個的來源和力量,一切,存在。 的「方法」時就變得很清楚的是一個不斷調停,所有的想法是不自覺地規管外國家的精神沉寂,雖然他們情緒將驅動器想法仍然是一個絕對 選擇.
雖然 道教提請其宇宙學的原理,從概念的學校的陰陽、陶德清,一個契約書載有教義和模棱兩可歸咎於老子(中文:老子;拼音:loz;Wade-賈爾斯:老子)被廣泛認為是其基石工作。 的著作《庄子》一起的,這兩個文本的哲學基礎建設所產生的道教的8卦2700s的公元前,傅十一,在 中國.
道教禮和道德可能有所不同,特別是在學校,但一般都傾向於強調吳偉行動(通過非行動)、“自然”、簡易、自發性的,和三寶:同情、溫和、和 謙卑.
道教 有深遠的影響,中國文化的幾個世紀,和神職人員的制度化:道士;道教(中文拼音:doshi)通常會小心處理,注意區分其宗教儀式的傳統和習俗和慣例,發現中國民俗宗教作為這些區別有時似乎含糊不清。 中國煉金術(尤其是neidan)中國星座、陳(ZEN)佛教,幾個武術、傳統中藥、風水、和多種風格的氣功已經交織著道教在整個歷史。 其後,中國道教也影響了對周圍社會在 亞洲.
《 老子》後的文學的道教,庄子,穩步增長,是在編制格式的一個經典的daozang這是在發表的遺志,皇帝的。 在整個中國歷史,道教曾多次獲提名為國教。 在17世紀,但是,它 贊成.
降 至今日,道教是一個正式承認的五大宗教在中國,雖然它並不容易從其旅行亞洲根,要求信徒在一些社會也有可觀。[1]道教社區在香港、台灣、日本及東南亞 地區.
一個中國哲學家因此道教界定:“從早期形式來了解和經驗的道。 陶的經驗,是一項不可減損的因素的形成和轉型的中國經驗,最終
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