Separate MANOVAs, ANOVAs. t-test analyses were planned and conducted for the self-report
biochemical and immune measures. The data were first examined for group means skew,kurtosis,and the equivalence of sample variance on each variable . The inspection of self-report data revealed no violation of the assumptions underling the F statistics. Hence,parametric statistic were used. However, because the biochemical and immune measures data are typically variable, baseline difference were likely to occur. Baseline measures were also examined for equality of means, and in the cases where means differed, the variable was entered as a covariate and an analysis of covariance was performed. wilcoxon tests were conduted did not conform for data that did not conform to assumptions underlying the F distribution