Second, mobile money is a powerful substitute for conversational alternatives. M-Pesa, for example, is the mobile-phone based money transfer and micro financing service run by Kenya-based Safaricom. Many regard M-pesa as the best performing mobile payment system in the world. It enables users with a national ID card or passport to deposit, withdrew, and transfer money through a mobile device via a network of agents; the latter are extraordinarily diverse, with some operating out of makeshift street stall, others running from a small retail outlet, but all functioning as de facto banks. M-pesa, by enabling people who cannot visit a branch or ATM to access an expanding range of financial services, encourages the idea of branchless banking and endorses its disruptive implications to the historic structure of financial services.