DISCUSSION
In the current study, regular drinking of cranberry juice reduced
the number of UTI recurrences by 43% but did not significantly
reduce the number of children experiencing at least 1 recurrence
after the initial UTI episode. Among adults, cranberry juice has
been reported to reduce both the number of patients affected
and the number of episodes [10, 11, 13]. This difference can be
explained by the lower-than-expected recurrence rate, because
we based our sample size calculations on an expected recurrence
rate of 30% by reference to earlier studies [7, 8]. In practice,
however, only 22% of the control children in our trial experienced
at least 1 recurrence, which was comparable to the rate of