The year 2005 seemed to represent the starting point for more intensive research into the
topic of knowledge management implementation. An emphasis on structured interviews as a
method is perceptible; with the exception of Shelton (2001) who based his study on an action
research approach. Again, the main source of information stems from managers and
specialists, with only one study (Shelton, 2001) relying on contributions from staff members.
In terms of the countries the focus is onWestern Europe, i.e. the UK, Germany, Spain, Austria
and Italy.
Furthermore, three articles were identified that refer to both knowledge management
perception and knowledge management implementation (Table III).
The papers imply that SMEs are involved in KM activities, yet in order to better understand
and discuss these activities, researchers in the field may consider the application of a more
target group oriented language. This means that scholars should try to discuss KM with a
stronger reference to SME specific needs rather than from a prescriptive point of view.
Regarding the benefits of KM, Edvardsson’s (2009) study stressed the direct link between
KM activities and increased productivity and/or new product development.