Sketches and Maps
Drawings help other people visualize what happened. etches document important information. The location of people involved, and of key facilities and equipment, can be noted with simple sketches of the site. These don't have to be works of art. A simple sketch takes only a few minutes. It can save a lot of time later when inter- viewing the witness, analyzing the causes, or writing the report. Keep the sketch simple. Include only key things that are factors in the incident. Label them clearly.
Records Check
Logs, schedules, personnel training records and other files have information that can help identify the basic causes of problems. These are seldom at the scene of an accident, so supervisors often over- look them. While there are many possible sources of information in records, a few convenient ones will give supervisors most of what they need. For example:
1. Training records. When a person hasn't followed a safety rule, hasn't used the right the procedure or equipment, etc., check to see if person ever got appropriate job instruction
2. Maintenance logs records. When equipment appears to be worn out or previously damaged. to see if there was proper service and repair
3. schedules . When people are trying to operate and service equipment at the same time, or there are other activities going on that cause congestion or interference, check to see if there is schedule planning.
4. Job procedures and practices. Unclear or out- of date procedures can lead to improper actions. Check if there were current standards for the job being done
Accident Photography Photos of accident scenes are very useful. They can reveal much about an accident and save hours of note-taking and drawing. They can also be useful to illustrate reports and save time in writing. Also, they are useful in employee supervisors Most won't have cameras However, upper convenient to use. managers should make plans for photographs of major losses and of incidents and minor accidents with serious loss potential. Three tips for more useful photographs of safety problems Photograph the scene from all sides. This helps orient people to the incident.
2. Use a long/medium/close-up sequence. First, take a photo to show the general scene. Then move in to show the equipment or work station. Then get a close-up of the deficiency or damage you want to show. Put a pencil or other object of known size in the close-up to give correct perspective. This method lets the pictures tell their own story.
3. Get the correct exposure. Know how to set the cameras, to use the flash, and to get light readings. If you haven't practiced using the camera, make good notes and sketches incase the pictures don't turn out well
Causal Factor Outline is simply writing down causal factors that together. It's much like you'dorganize notes for a safety talk or staff meeting.
1. Write down each loss. Make a list of the injuries, illnesses, damages, spills, etc. You'll need to list these for your investigation report, so this serves a double purpose. To make it a little easier, put each loss at the top of a sheet of memo paper.
2. Under each loss, write all the contacts with forms of energy or substances that were responsible for the loss. Then write down any inadequate post- contact controls of loss. For example:
3. Under each contact factor, list the substandard actions and conditions that created it. To continue the same example:
4. Under each substandard action or condition list all the basic causes which prompted it. To continue the example further:
5. During the managerial review of the investigation, the next level manager should carry the analysis one more step an examination of the program, its standards and compliance with those standards. This helps bridge this gulf between a systematic examination of basic causes and an exploration of the program activities which might have prevented them
Writing a Good Report made the pro One doesn't have to be a literary wizard to write a amendit good investigation report. All you need to do is communicate. The key to that is to be clear and simple. Use words that are common, short, and REPO specifie. Some tips for writing the main sections of Eve the report are: by the
1. Identifying information. Fill in all the spaces reason This gives details, so use specific words and 1. It al numbers. find
2. Evaluation. What was the real potential for loss(not just what happened)? If no corrective action revi is taken, how often could it be expected to occur?
3. Description. Tell what you have decided
2. It actually happened: what actions led up to the incident, the contact, and what was done post- contact to reduce the loss. som
4. Cause analysis. List the symptoms(the sub- standard actions and conditions and the basic 3. It p causes(the job and personal factors). Give a few Mid words explaining each cause. In listing basic The causes, list first those that made the greatest hav contribution to
Sketches and Maps Drawings help other people visualize what happened. etches document important information. The location of people involved, and of key facilities and equipment, can be noted with simple sketches of the site. These don't have to be works of art. A simple sketch takes only a few minutes. It can save a lot of time later when inter- viewing the witness, analyzing the causes, or writing the report. Keep the sketch simple. Include only key things that are factors in the incident. Label them clearly. Records Check Logs, schedules, personnel training records and other files have information that can help identify the basic causes of problems. These are seldom at the scene of an accident, so supervisors often over- look them. While there are many possible sources of information in records, a few convenient ones will give supervisors most of what they need. For example: 1. Training records. When a person hasn't followed a safety rule, hasn't used the right the procedure or equipment, etc., check to see if person ever got appropriate job instruction 2. Maintenance logs records. When equipment appears to be worn out or previously damaged. to see if there was proper service and repair 3. schedules . When people are trying to operate and service equipment at the same time, or there are other activities going on that cause congestion or interference, check to see if there is schedule planning. 4. Job procedures and practices. Unclear or out- of date procedures can lead to improper actions. Check if there were current standards for the job being doneAccident Photography Photos of accident scenes are very useful. They can reveal much about an accident and save hours of note-taking and drawing. They can also be useful to illustrate reports and save time in writing. Also, they are useful in employee supervisors Most won't have cameras However, upper convenient to use. managers should make plans for photographs of major losses and of incidents and minor accidents with serious loss potential. Three tips for more useful photographs of safety problems Photograph the scene from all sides. This helps orient people to the incident. 2. Use a long/medium/close-up sequence. First, take a photo to show the general scene. Then move in to show the equipment or work station. Then get a close-up of the deficiency or damage you want to show. Put a pencil or other object of known size in the close-up to give correct perspective. This method lets the pictures tell their own story. 3. Get the correct exposure. Know how to set the cameras, to use the flash, and to get light readings. If you haven't practiced using the camera, make good notes and sketches incase the pictures don't turn out wellCausal Factor Outline is simply writing down causal factors that together. It's much like you'dorganize notes for a safety talk or staff meeting. 1. Write down each loss. Make a list of the injuries, illnesses, damages, spills, etc. You'll need to list these for your investigation report, so this serves a double purpose. To make it a little easier, put each loss at the top of a sheet of memo paper. 2. Under each loss, write all the contacts with forms of energy or substances that were responsible for the loss. Then write down any inadequate post- contact controls of loss. For example: 3. Under each contact factor, list the substandard actions and conditions that created it. To continue the same example:4. Under each substandard action or condition list all the basic causes which prompted it. To continue the example further:5. During the managerial review of the investigation, the next level manager should carry the analysis one more step an examination of the program, its standards and compliance with those standards. This helps bridge this gulf between a systematic examination of basic causes and an exploration of the program activities which might have prevented themWriting a Good Report made the pro One doesn't have to be a literary wizard to write a amendit good investigation report. All you need to do is communicate. The key to that is to be clear and simple. Use words that are common, short, and REPO specifie. Some tips for writing the main sections of Eve the report are: by the 1. Identifying information. Fill in all the spaces reason This gives details, so use specific words and 1. It al numbers. find 2. Evaluation. What was the real potential for loss(not just what happened)? If no corrective action revi is taken, how often could it be expected to occur?
3. Description. Tell what you have decided
2. It actually happened: what actions led up to the incident, the contact, and what was done post- contact to reduce the loss. som
4. Cause analysis. List the symptoms(the sub- standard actions and conditions and the basic 3. It p causes(the job and personal factors). Give a few Mid words explaining each cause. In listing basic The causes, list first those that made the greatest hav contribution to
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