A thorough physical examination of the buck before the breeding season is important to determine the ability of the buck to safely mount and breed a doe. Bucks should have a body condition score of 3–3.5 (out of 5) and be structurally sound with no visible foot or leg abnormalities. The buck should be in overall good health, because anemia due to heavy parasite infections and chronic debilitating diseases, such as pneumonia, can lead to loss of libido. Any degree of foot abnormalities, from overgrown hooves to severe laminitis, may cause the bucks to be reluctant to mount and should be treated appropriately. Bucks with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection (see Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis) may have painful, enlarged stifles, and if they are even able to mount, are usually reluctant to ejaculate because of pain.