The factor, defining The 'polycentred' nature of premodern
Southeast Asia.
• 1. Much of the region has been occupied by
peoples who are basically tribal. This is“not a
political organization but rather a sociacultural-ethnic
unity
2. The character of leadership in most
Southeast Asian societies. The leaders have
exceptional ability, extraordinary 'fortune' or
'luck' will be able to control the vagaries of
fate.
3. The reflection of Southeast Asia's geography. The
extensive river basins of the mainland and Java may
seem conducive to human settlement, but villages
were often separated by wide stretches of forest and
by hilly ranges, so that few people travelled regularly
outside their own district. This social world was even
more limited as one moved away from more populated
areas. All served to encourage the growth of
communities which were physically distanced from
each other.
• Moreover they also linked to ancestor spirits
associated with mountains, trees, rivers, caves, rocks
and to particular areas under the sway of supernatural
deities. As Paul Mus has cogently put it, 'the locality
itself is a god'. These defined styles of dress, social
customs and particularly language fostered a local
identification with a particular area.
The factor, defining The 'polycentred' nature of premodernSoutheast Asia.• 1. Much of the region has been occupied bypeoples who are basically tribal. This is“not apolitical organization but rather a sociacultural-ethnicunity2. The character of leadership in mostSoutheast Asian societies. The leaders haveexceptional ability, extraordinary 'fortune' or'luck' will be able to control the vagaries offate. 3. The reflection of Southeast Asia's geography. Theextensive river basins of the mainland and Java mayseem conducive to human settlement, but villageswere often separated by wide stretches of forest andby hilly ranges, so that few people travelled regularlyoutside their own district. This social world was evenmore limited as one moved away from more populatedareas. All served to encourage the growth ofcommunities which were physically distanced fromeach other.• Moreover they also linked to ancestor spiritsassociated with mountains, trees, rivers, caves, rocksand to particular areas under the sway of supernaturaldeities. As Paul Mus has cogently put it, 'the localityitself is a god'. These defined styles of dress, socialcustoms and particularly language fostered a localidentification with a particular area.
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