Determine the patient’s sleep and activity pattern.
Encourage patient to establish a bedtime routine to facilitate transition from wakefulness to sleep. Encourage him to eliminate stressful situations before bedtime.
Instruct patient and significant others about factors (e.g., physiologic, psychologic, lifestyle, frequent work shift changes, excessively long work hours, and other environmental factors) that contribute to sleep pattern disturbances.
Discuss with patient and his family comfort measures, sleeppromoting techniques, and lifestyle changes that can contribute to optimal sleep.