- After 1973, democratic opening sees peasant, labor, student movements.
Growth of right-wing, fascist paramilitary groups . (Red Gaur/กระทิงแดง Krathing Daeng, Nawaphon/ขบวนการนวพล). Nation, Religion, Monarchy
Counter-insurgency against Communist Party of Thailand (CPT). “Red Drum Massacres”
In 1975, after fall of Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia to communism, no anti-establishment thinking allowed.
- When students protest at Thammasat in October, 1976, military and right-wing gangs crush free thinking and anti-dictatorship with violence.
- Many student activists and intellectuals join CPT after 1976.