Before isokinetic testing, EMG signal quality was verified for each muscle by having the subject perform isometric contractions in manual test positions specific to each muscle of interest.
Subjects performed three five second maximum voluntary isometric muscle contractions against manualresistance from the principal investigator, with a five second pause between contractions.
As a normalisation reference, EMG data were collected during maximal voluntary contraction for each muscle.
After signal filtering with a low pass filter (single pass, Butterworth, 6 Hz low pass filter of the 6th order) and visual inspection for artefacts, the peak average EMG value over a window of one second was calculated for each trial.
Further calculations were performed with the mean of the repeated trials as a normalisation value (100%).