3.3 Melting characteristicsThe range of meltdown rate in our study matched other research very well (Bolliger etal. 2000; Karaca et al. 2009; BahramParvar et al. 2012). There was a significantdifference in meltdown rate of samples (P<0.05). Ice creams containing 0.2% CMCand guar blend and 0.1% BSG showed the highest (1.58 g·min−1) and the lowest(0.28 g·min−1) values of meltdown rate, respectively (Table 2). The addition of BSGsubstantially reduced the meltdown rate of samples at either concentration comparedto the CMC and guar blend. Such mixes had a greater resistance to flow and wouldnot drip through the screen fast. Meltdown rate is usually a function of both fat structureformation and the rheological properties of the ice cream (Marshall et al. 2003). Museand Hartel (2004) found that meltdown rate increased as the level of fat destabilizationdiminished, the consistency coefficient decreased, and the ice crystal size increased.Therefore, the higher viscosity of ice creams containing BSG compared to theCMC/guar blend was partly responsible for the reduced meltdown rate.Table 1 Rheological properties of ice cream mixes containing different types and concentrations ofstabilizersFormulation Apparent viscosity (Pa·s) at 50 s-1 n K(Pa·sn)No stabilizer 0.046±0.0019c 0.80±0.028a 0.098±0.0045d0.1% BSG 0.18±0.0070a 0.63±0.003bc 0.75±0.038ab0.1% CMC/guar 0.094±0.0036b 0.73±0.052ab 0.27±0.043c0.2% BSG 0.18±0.0096a 0.59±0.011c 0.90±0.031a0.2% CMC/guar 0.17±0.011a 0.67±0.027bc 0.61±0.02bDifferent letters in a column represent significant differences, P<0.05, n=3BSG basil seed gum, CMC carboxymethyl celluloseTable 2 The effect of type andconcentration of stabilizers onsome physical properties of icecreamDifferent letters in a columnrepresent significant differences,P<0.05, n=3BSG basil seed gum,CMC carboxymethyl celluloseFormulation Overrun (%) Meltdown rate (g·min−1)No stabilizer 45.8±3.7b 1.08±0.19b0.1% BSG 46.5±4.0b 0.28±0.021d0.1% CMC/guar 59.5±4.6a 0.72±0.033bc0.2% BSG 42.7±3.0b 0.30±0.015cd0.2% CMC/guar 62.3±5.1a 1.58±0.21a
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