The first phase focuses on recognizing the problems and the needs for innovation, which is extremely important,
since the public sector organizations are interested, above all, in costs reduction and increasing the quality of offered
products and provided services. However, these assumptions are not of purely business nature, because in the
situation of social problems’ complexity, the potential costs of unsuccessful solutions have a wide context and are
very severe for the users. Therefore, the correctness of identification of needs and consideration of the existing
constraints must constitute the starting point in the process of innovation in this field.
The next phase is generation of ideas. It should be focused on seeking creative solutions and may also determine
the use of experiences of other entities, the business sector or non-profit organizations where model solutions may be
sought. In the phase of accepting ideas the aim should be reduction in conditions of bureaucratic structure, typical of
the public sector, for the benefit of decentralization, opening to proposals of cooperation with external entities,
reducing formalization and creating conditions for shaping participation, whose condition is an increase in access to
knowledge and information and fostering creativity.
In the phase of innovation accepting, detailed agreement of goals of operation are highlighted, building
cooperation relations, decision-making and achieving acceptance for specific solutions which should include
particular actions in feasibility studies. The condition of efficient solution acceptance is strict particularization of
goals, eliminating conflicts and streamlining communication. Innovation implementation is connected mainly with
ensuring proper resources for selected solutions implementation. A public organization, like innovative
organizations of other sectors, should deliberately choose the projects for the implementation of which they have
appropriate resources. These resources may be intended for research – development activity (e.g. ordered to
scientific-research centres) or specified knowledge or competence transfer from the outside.
In the implementation phase, it is important to appoint teams, assign roles and responsibilities as well as introduce
changes in the organizational structure or implemented processes, by changes in the procedures, scopes of
responsibilities, requalification of employees or the applied technologies e.g. IT.
The last innovation process phase should be monitoring the implemented innovation, aimed at permanent
assessment of the obtained results in the perspective of social, organizational and economic results using measures
specific for the given solution. A review of experiences and assessments should constitute the basis for continuous
learning and introducing changes necessary for improvement in the existing solutions. In this respect, it should be
pointed out that observing new needs and possible faults should become the impulse to learn the organization and
modify the existing solutions, which justifies marking the feedback between the first and the fifth phase of the
proposed model.