Directly placed debt is a contract with terms and loan granting decisions that depend only on public information. The contract I call bank loan uses this information plus information from grant a loan or to condition the loan’s covenants. A justification for this interpretation is that monitoring of private information is most efficiently delegated to a financial intermediary rather than collected directly by many investors. The contract structure to provide incentives for the financial intermediary to do this monitoring is not present, but costs generated by such a structure are consistent with the setup