This study investigated whether WSSV replicates in naturally infected Dendronereis spp., a common polychaete
(Nereididae) species in shrimp ponds in Indonesia. To detect WSSV replication, (i) immunohistochemistry
(IHC) using a monoclonal antibody against WSSV VP28 protein and (ii) nested RT-PCR using
specific primers set for the vp28 gene to detect WSSV-specific mRNA were applied. WSSV immunoreactive-
nuclei were detected in the gut epithelium of the polychaete and WSSV mRNA was detected with
nested RT-PCR. This, together with the IHC results, confirmed that WSSV could replicate in Dendronereis
spp. This is the first report showing that WSSV replicated in a naturally infected non-crustacean host.
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