The patients in the 2 groups were similar with regard to age, sex, smoking history, eGFR, and ferritin levels, but diabetes and CVD were more prevalent in the volume overload group.
Additionally, patients with anemia with excess OH were found to have significantly lower serum albumin, as well as higher systolic blood pressure, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and interleukin-6 at baseline, compared with patients with true anemia