Perhaps associated with this social complexity, it is important to consider the communication and cognition aspects of natural ecology in these taxa. The communication intricacies of elephants have been extensively studied and the intelligence of the species is also widely recognised. Examples of cognitive abilities in elephants are well documented with Figure 7.2 showing how an individual elephant was able to manipulate surrounding objects within its captive environment to reach an otherwise unreachable food resource. Although cognitive abilities have been less studied in most ungulate species, there are recent examples of tool use being documented in species including the Visayan warty pig (Root-Bernstein, Narayan, Cornier, & Bourgeois, 2019)