Finally, Wisdom is the most abstract and highest level. It has the least clarity to it, but generally refers to deep knowledge about ultimate causes (knowing why something is true) and about values, considerations of what one ought to do with one’s knowledge.
Although some have criticized the DIKW model as being too vague (there is quite a bit of debate about the definitions of the terms and their interrelation), it nevertheless is considered a valuable framework by many, and I tend to agree.
One of the key points the Knowledge Pyramid makes is that we can think about knowledge from the “bottom up” or the “top down”. Going from data to information or from information to knowledge or from knowledge to wisdom is bottom up. Bottom up refers to new material entering the system and altering or strengthening it. In contrast, going from wisdom to knowledge or knowledge to information or information to data is top down. That refers to the way the current systems interpret and shape incoming material. For examples of the relationship between bottom up and top down influences on perception, see this blog.