.A recombinant cellulosomal Bacillus subtilis that carries eight cellulosomal genes of Clostridium thermocellum,including one scaffolding protein gene (cipA), one cell-surface anchor gene (sdbA), two exo-glucosidase
genes (celK and celS), two endoglucanase genes (celA and celR), and two xylanase genes (xynC and xynZ) was constructed.