[Methods to specify files] (1) A file is referenced as “directory name···directory namefile name”, where the directory names on the path are listed and separated with “” (backslash) in sequence, followed by “” and the file name. (2) The current directory is represented by “.” (one period). (3) The directory one level above is represented by “..” (two periods). (4) When a reference begins with “”, it is assumed that the root directory is omitted from the beginning of the reference. (5) When a reference does not start with “”, “.”, or “..”, it is assumed that “.”, which means that the reference is under the current directory, is omitted from the beginning of the reference.