Other codes and Standards
Since PV applications are becoming more and more important, codes and standards are continuously being defined by international and nation- al committees and governments to achieve a safe, highquality, and normalized operation. International standards are normally defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization, and the IEEE. Usually, the governments define their specific codes based on international standards but take into account local factors such as the geography, grid structure, and ratio between the renewable energy and the total installed power. For instance, VDE-AR-N 4105 is applied in Germany as a local code defining the power curtailment, frequency and volt- age support, and dynamic grid support (ride-through capability). It can be noticed that a national code can become an international standard if it is successfully accepted by the international commissions.