Raw whole milk (70 mL) was heated to 40 C in a water bath, followed by probe (Sonotrode S7, Hielscher, Berlin, Germany) homogenisation with stirring for 0.5 min, 2 min or 4 min. Particle size distributions were determined by integrated light scattering using a Mastersizer 2000 (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK). A homogenisation time of 1 min was chosen for further experiments, as the mean fat globule size of the whole milk (0.75 mm)was similar to that of commercial whole milk (0.73 mm).