RESULTS
Baseline Characteristics and Study Participation
Key metabolic and other general characteristics of the
study participants at baseline are shown in Table 2. The
groups were closely matched; subjects were predominantly
male, overweight or obese, in relatively good glycemic
control having a mean HbA1c of approximately 7%,
with an average duration of diagnosed diabetes of four
years. As expected, the majority of participants in both
groups met the ethnicity-specific criteria for the MetS.16
Approximately one third of the participants had attended
some college or graduate school, and the subjects’ occupations
varied from office clerical, to professional (e.g.,
pharmacist) and technical (e.g., machine operator) categories.
The differences between groups included higher total
cholesterol in the Reference Group, and a greater proportion
of smokers at baseline in the Intervention Group
(p