Introduction
Wastewater from numerous industries such as paints and
pigments, glass production, mining operations, metal plating,
and battery manufacturing processes are known to contain
contaminate such as heavy metal. Heavy metals such as Pb, Cd,
Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu and Fe are present in industrial wastewater, these
heavy metals in wastewater are not biodegradable and their
existence in receiving lakes and streams causes bioaccumulation
in living organisms, which leads to several health problems in
animals, plants and human beings such as cancer, kidney failure,
metabolic acidosis, oral ulcer, renal failure and damage in for
stomach of the rodent1. As a result of the degree of the problems
caused by heavy metals pollution, removal of heavy metals from
wastewater is important2. Investigation into new and cheap
methods of metal ions removal has been on the increase lately.