Recent advances in technology have made low cost, low
power wireless sensors a reality. Clock synchronization is an
important service in any distributed system, including sen-
sor network systems. Applications of clock synchronization
in sensor networks include data integration in sensors, sen-
sor reading fusion, TDMA medium access scheduling, and
power mode energy saving. However, for a number of rea-
sons, standard clock synchronization protocols are unsuit-
able for direct application in sensor networks.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of adaptive clock
synchronization based on the need of the application and
the resource constraint in the sensor networks. We describe
a probabilistic method for clock synchronization that uses
the higher precision of receiver-to-receiver synchronization,
as described in Reference Broadcast Synchronization (RBS)
protocol. This deterministic protocol is extended to pro-
vide a probabilistic bound on the accuracy of the clock syn-
chronization, allowing for a tradeo between accuracy and
resource requirement. Expressions to convert service spec-
ications (maximum clock synchronization error and con-
dence probability) to actual protocol parameters (minimum
number of messages and synchronization overhead) are de-
rived. Further, we extend this protocol for maintaining clock
synchronization in a multihop network.
Recent advances in technology have made low cost, low
power wireless sensors a reality. Clock synchronization is an
important service in any distributed system, including sen-
sor network systems. Applications of clock synchronization
in sensor networks include data integration in sensors, sen-
sor reading fusion, TDMA medium access scheduling, and
power mode energy saving. However, for a number of rea-
sons, standard clock synchronization protocols are unsuit-
able for direct application in sensor networks.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of adaptive clock
synchronization based on the need of the application and
the resource constraint in the sensor networks. We describe
a probabilistic method for clock synchronization that uses
the higher precision of receiver-to-receiver synchronization,
as described in Reference Broadcast Synchronization (RBS)
protocol. This deterministic protocol is extended to pro-
vide a probabilistic bound on the accuracy of the clock syn-
chronization, allowing for a tradeo between accuracy and
resource requirement. Expressions to convert service spec-
ications (maximum clock synchronization error and con-
dence probability) to actual protocol parameters (minimum
number of messages and synchronization overhead) are de-
rived. Further, we extend this protocol for maintaining clock
synchronization in a multihop network.
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