Antimicrobial edible films based on fruits and vegetables have also been tested in real food. Apple, carrot, and hibiscus films incorporated with carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde were found to effectively control the growth of L. monocytogenes for 7 d in sliced ham and bologna, with carvacrol and apple puree showing the best antilisterial activity (Ravishankar and others 2012). Apple, carrot, and hibiscus films added by carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde also protected lettuces and spinaches from Salmonella Newport development during a week (Zhu and others 2014).