Furthermore, an electric power-development promotion tax is levied on electric utilities at a rate of 375 Japanese yen (JPY) (USD4) per 1,000kw/h of power sold. This measure was specifically enacted in the 1970s to promote the generation of clean power as an alternative energy to oil. The tax is passed on by the utilities to end users (both households and industry). Japan also applies petroleum and coal tax to the shipment of crude petroleum, gaseous hydrocarbons or coal from extracting stations or bonded areas. Japan provides several significant incentives specific to renewable energy and fuel. These include a special depreciation of 30 percent or 100 percent for the purchase and installation of qualified renewable energy equipment. In addition, Japan also provides an incentive for fixed assets tax on certain renewable energy generation facilities, qualified under the Act on Purchase of Renewable Energy Sourced Electricity by Electric Utilities, and acquired during the period from 29 May 2012 to 31 March 2014 (tax base reduction by one third).