Participants and Recruitment
Participants in this study included a convenience sample of nurses from the Czech Republic who attended 1 of 10 educational programs about brief smoking cessation interventions for hospitalized smokers. Nurses at each hospital were invited to attend the educational program and were recruited to participate in this study by the nurse faculty member who had received special education through a train-the-trainer program. Attending the educational program was not contingent on participation in the study, which was voluntary.