Two research questions were posed: (a) Will the effect of nonmonetary and monetary promotions on brand loyalty vary according to the extent of hedonism or utilitarian benefits for low and high involvement products? (b) Will the preference for nonmonetary or monetary promotions on brand loyalty have a greater or lesser effect for low and high
involvement products? It was theorized that the effect of nonmonetary and monetary promotions on brand loyalty would vary according to the extent of hedonism or utilitarian benefits for low and high involvement products (H1a and H2a