Conclusions
Most of the traditional/communal areas have adapted/indigenous animals in quantities and purity that could lead to owner-driven initiatives with sufficient financial incentives to promote the concept of conservation through sustainable use. These resources often have a high degree of genetic biodiversity and are, as such, of considerable value to the relevant breed societies in the stud-breeding sector. Stock owners in the traditional/communal sector are, however, largely unaware of the value of their own animals and have limited access to information and markets.
There is sufficient information to enable farmers and stock owners to match animals with local environmental conditions and own management inputs, but it is often fragmented and difficult to access. The available information and supportive services and technology need to be converted into a form that is both user-friendly and easy to access at all levels. In addition, more attention needs to be given to research into value-added traits and the development of cottage industries capable of processing hides and skins for leather, fibre for clothing and meat and milk for food industries. Labelling such products could further enhance value and could even lead to potential lucrative contracts with foreign investors.
Breed societies can - and should - become more involved with stock owners in the communal areas, particularly as far as basic management inputs such as identification and recording are concerned. Alternative forms of membership should also be considered - possibly a club category that would enable communities to join and benefit from society - together with stud book services without the expense of individual membership. The SA Stud Book, as the collective representative of most breed societies in South Africa, should become more actively involved in initiatives and should promote the existing outreach programme more effectively. FACT has been fairly effective in creating an awareness of the value of South Africa’s indigenous and locally developed breeds, some of which can be classified as endangered.
A combination of live exhibits, posters and leaflet information that can be set up at strategic events has been effective in generating interest in the breeds and has led to the emergence of satellite breeding and conservation units. However, the most important thing is to remain focused on conservation through sustainable use and to encourage farmers to use the breeds in question as a viable alternative.