It was concluded that inhibition of germination at the same water potential of NaCl and PEG resulted from an osmotic effect
rather than salt toxicity. However, both the priming treatments clearly improved all of the parameters under drought and salinity conditions. It can be suggested from the results that hydro- and osmopriming enhanced the germination and seedling growth of sunflower under stress conditions. Therefore, these treatments can be used to improve seed performance of
sunflower under normal and stress conditions.