Fig. 1. Plant–endophytic bacteria partnerships for the remediation of soil and water contaminated with organic pollutant. Plants assist endophytic bacteria in the rhizosphere and endosphere by providing nutrients and space, enrichment of pollutant degrading bacteria and inducing catabolic gene expression for pollutant degradation. Plant-associated endophytic bacteria help the plant by decreasing toxicity of soil through direct mineralization of organic pollutants, increasing availability of nutrients (N, P, Fe), reducing phytotoxicity and evapotranspiration, producing plant growth promoting hormones and enhancing the bioavailability of organic pollutants.