GATT set up a group on Environmental Means and International Trade, and bodies such as the OECD are keen to harmonise free trade and environment (De Miraman and Stevens, 1992; Zarsky, 1994). It would also be wise to seek greater co-ordination between the various free trade organisations and the UN Commission on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). In 1985 the eighty-five signatories of GATT undertook to try to restrict the export of hazardous materials. However, pollution control activities are not easy due to difficulties in disseminating information on pesticides and other compounds and their effects, and because monitoring and enforcing controls in the real world are often problematic. Measures were taken to improve controls; for example, in 1986 the FAO issued an International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides, and by 1990 about 100 countries were signatories. The FAO and 6 WHO set up the Codex Alimentarius Commission to establish food standards, including acceptable pesticide levels, and this publishes standards annually. Under GATT the Codex seems likely to have increased powers. However, it has been argued that Codex decisions are determined too much by developed countries and MNCs or TNCs (Avery et al., 1993). Any nation that already has, or is setting, standards higher than the