Antimicrobial peptides can be also found naturally in milk. For example, lactoperoxidase is an abundant enzyme in
milk that showed a strong antimicrobial effect against bacteria, fungi, and viruses [78]. Lactoperoxidase can present in
cow milk, ewe milk, goat milk, buffalo milk, pig milk, and human milk [78]. Lactoperoxidase in human milk may
contribute to the defense against infection already in the mouth and upper gastrointestinal tract [79]. In cow milk,
lactoperoxidase system is used by the dairy industry to preserve microbial quality. Gram-negative bacteria are generally
more sensitive to lactoperoxidase mediated food preservation than Gram-positive species [78]. Lactoferrin is another
antimicrobial peptide that showed to be active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and parasites
[9, 80]. The antimicrobial mechanism of lactoferrin has been studied but not clearly defined [80]. Lysozyme, a
bacteriolytic enzyme, is present in egg white, milk, and blood and has been found to be effective against food spoilage
microorganisms [9]. Lysozyme was also reported to inhibit the growth of Clostridium tyrobutyricum spores in cheeses
Antimicrobial peptides can be also found naturally in milk. For example, lactoperoxidase is an abundant enzyme inmilk that showed a strong antimicrobial effect against bacteria, fungi, and viruses [78]. Lactoperoxidase can present incow milk, ewe milk, goat milk, buffalo milk, pig milk, and human milk [78]. Lactoperoxidase in human milk maycontribute to the defense against infection already in the mouth and upper gastrointestinal tract [79]. In cow milk,lactoperoxidase system is used by the dairy industry to preserve microbial quality. Gram-negative bacteria are generallymore sensitive to lactoperoxidase mediated food preservation than Gram-positive species [78]. Lactoferrin is anotherantimicrobial peptide that showed to be active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and parasites[9, 80]. The antimicrobial mechanism of lactoferrin has been studied but not clearly defined [80]. Lysozyme, abacteriolytic enzyme, is present in egg white, milk, and blood and has been found to be effective against food spoilagemicroorganisms [9]. Lysozyme was also reported to inhibit the growth of Clostridium tyrobutyricum spores in cheeses
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