Treatment of acute attacks:
The more promptly that effective treatment is commenced, the more quickly the attack can be controlled. The different types of medications used include:
Medications to reduce pain – particularly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). Taken early in the attack NSAID's can reduce the duration and severity of the attack. Paracetamol taken in conjunction with other medications can help in reducing pain. Aspirin should be avoided as it can reduce the amount of uric acid excreted by the body.
Colchicine – this medication helps to block production of uric acid. It is most effective when taken early in an attack. However, it can have side effects such as diarrhoea if too much is taken. Dosage instructions should be followed carefully.
Corticosteroids – such as prednisone may be given in tablet form to help reduce pain and inflammation. Corticosteroid injections directly into the joint may also be effective.
Drinking extra fluid (preferably water) while taking these medications is recommended. The affected joint should also be rested and elevated.