where w(g, g*) j is equal to 1, if case g has a valid value in variable j. Otherwise w(g, g*) j is
equal to 0.
Using the city block metric, the distance between the two cases amounts to 2 (=6/3). The
distance can be re-scaled to the original number of variables by multiplying the result with 5
or more generally by = Σ
j
w wj .