Formalin Preparation
All of the diseases mentioned employ formalin as one of the means of combating the disease. Formalin is a colorless liquid that is used as a general fixative for preserving tissues. It is made up of a solution of water in which formaldehyde gas has been bubbled into solution. Concentrated forma- lin normally contains 37 to 40% formaldehyde. NOTE: USE EXTREME CAUTION USING CON- CENTRATED FORMALIN. For use as a disinfectant and/or treatment of parasites, concentrated formalin is usually diluted to very low concentrations (10 to 300 ppm).
The equation that is normally used to determine the amount of formalin to be used for treating a disease outbreak does not employ the percent active ingredient because by convention 30-37% Formalin is considered to be a 100% active solution. An example of the calculation to determine the amount of Formalin to be used to make a 100 ppm solution in a 100-l (i.e., 26 gallon) tank is re- sented below:
Note: 1 ppm = 1 ml /1000l
Concentrated Formalin = (100 l x (1 ml/1000l) x (100 ppm)
Economics
Figure 12 represents the general price trend increase over the last 15 years. This figure is based on one Singapore-based transhipper for a two inch Trichogaster Trichopterus (Blue Gourami). Table (7) is a breakdown of equipment, supplies and start up cost for a single species, (Trichogaster trichopterus), hatchery. In practice any given species raised on a farm is referred to as an enterprise. This enterprise will consume a given amount of resources the farm has available. Once the variable and fixed costs associated with the consumption of these resources is determined profit margins can be calculated. An example is given in Table (8). For a detailed economic analysis of various sized farms and costs associated with them please refer to the study “Report on the Economics of Orna- mental Fish Culture in Hawaii” available through the Center for Tropical and Subtropical Agricul- ture or the University of Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Service.
From the above calculation 10 ml of concentrated formalin must be added to the 100-1 (i.e., 26 gallon) container to obtain a final concentration of 100 ppm. Pour the concentrated Formalin into the tank and make sure to distribute it evenly.
Formalin Preparation
All of the diseases mentioned employ formalin as one of the means of combating the disease. Formalin is a colorless liquid that is used as a general fixative for preserving tissues. It is made up of a solution of water in which formaldehyde gas has been bubbled into solution. Concentrated forma- lin normally contains 37 to 40% formaldehyde. NOTE: USE EXTREME CAUTION USING CON- CENTRATED FORMALIN. For use as a disinfectant and/or treatment of parasites, concentrated formalin is usually diluted to very low concentrations (10 to 300 ppm).
The equation that is normally used to determine the amount of formalin to be used for treating a disease outbreak does not employ the percent active ingredient because by convention 30-37% Formalin is considered to be a 100% active solution. An example of the calculation to determine the amount of Formalin to be used to make a 100 ppm solution in a 100-l (i.e., 26 gallon) tank is re- sented below:
Note: 1 ppm = 1 ml /1000l
Concentrated Formalin = (100 l x (1 ml/1000l) x (100 ppm)
Economics
Figure 12 represents the general price trend increase over the last 15 years. This figure is based on one Singapore-based transhipper for a two inch Trichogaster Trichopterus (Blue Gourami). Table (7) is a breakdown of equipment, supplies and start up cost for a single species, (Trichogaster trichopterus), hatchery. In practice any given species raised on a farm is referred to as an enterprise. This enterprise will consume a given amount of resources the farm has available. Once the variable and fixed costs associated with the consumption of these resources is determined profit margins can be calculated. An example is given in Table (8). For a detailed economic analysis of various sized farms and costs associated with them please refer to the study “Report on the Economics of Orna- mental Fish Culture in Hawaii” available through the Center for Tropical and Subtropical Agricul- ture or the University of Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Service.
From the above calculation 10 ml of concentrated formalin must be added to the 100-1 (i.e., 26 gallon) container to obtain a final concentration of 100 ppm. Pour the concentrated Formalin into the tank and make sure to distribute it evenly.
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