The data confirm that T. virens is effective for the
control of F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli in gladiolus
under certain conditions. In the glasshouse
experiment, biological treatment gave control of
disease as good as chemical treatment. The field
experiments consistently demonstrated the efficacy
of T. virens in controlling the disease and showed a
greater advantage of combining a low carboxin dose
with reduced rates of T.virens to increase the level
of disease control. Similar benefits of combining
biological control with low rates of fungicides have
been demonstrated for other diseases and
antagonists (Hwang & Chakravarty, 1992; De,
Chaudhary & Naimuddin, 1996; Michalikova &
Michriva, 1997).