XY culture 3 × 1011 CFU ml−1 ), there was a significant difference in total secreted proteins (0.01mgml−1 in CMC and 0.1mgml−1 in XY), indicating higher induction of protein secretion by a hemicel- lulosic substrate, such as xylan.As expected, -glucosidase and -xylosidase activities were detected mainly in intracellular extracts. Maximal -glucosidase activity was achieved when bacteria were grown on CMC (10.8mIUml−1±0.8) and the highest -xylosidase activity was