A total of 101 rice accessions, which include 43 Thai accessions, 57 germplasm obtained from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), and Nipponbare were used in this study (Table 1). The Thai accessions included 27 commercial cultivars, 11 landraces, and 5 other Oryza species. The commercial cultivars were cultivars grown in all rice ecologies through out the country such as irrigated area, rain fed low land, up land, and deep water. These commercial cultivars were 11 improved and 16 local breeding lines.