As pointed out in the Introduction, there are four aspects of the energy-environment problem, namely (1) air pollution,
(2) water pollution,
(3) the emission of CO2 in the atmosphere that causes global warming, mainly from the burning of coal,
and (4) shortage of future energy supply that relies on exhaustible resources. Environmental pollution from coal combustion is damaging human health, air and water quality, agriculture and ultimately the economy. China is facing all four problems.
4. Problems of Policy Implementation and Law Enforcement