Although pre-heating at 70 C was more effective for anthocyanin recovery compared to lower temperatures, the
inherent stability reported for acylated anthocyanins and rapid inactivation of oxidase enzymes made the 90 C pre-heating temperature a better industrial choice based on pigment recovery. The degree of metal ion reducing capacity (total phenolics) in PSP extracts following each pre-heating temperature also indicated either an adverse role of oxidase enzymes such as PPO or an enhancement in extraction, since a 25% higher concentration was found at 90 C in relation
the lower pre-heating temperatures