The women's project in family therapy asserts that a model such as Bowen's pressures the woman to 'back off' while placating and courting the distant male (Carter et al., 1988). Carter asserts that this is not only biased against women but disrespectful of men since the model assumes men's limitations in terms of emotional engagement in therapy and family relationships. An ongoing challenge for feminist Bowenian therapists is to reconstruct a therapy language of intimacy and attachment that is not misused to imply dysfunction (Bograd, 1987; Carter et al., 1988).